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              <text>John Simmons' will</text>
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              <text>When clothing manufacturer John Simmons died in 1870, he left provisions in his will “to found and endow an institution to be called Simmons Female College.” The necessary funds were not secured until almost thirty years later, but when Simmons College opened its doors in 1899, it remained committed to Simmons’s vision of a college that would give women an opportunity to “acquire an independent livelihood.” </text>
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              <text>John Simmons</text>
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              <text>Simmons University Archives</text>
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              <text>1870</text>
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